Valve mechanism.



L.L.EGDD& VALVE MECHANISM. APPLICATION YILED 0OT.20,191& E., l 25.@86. atented Jan. 26, 1915.

ooocoooop .Slg

r LOOOOOO OO ihrm N my@ ql9 Q51 cLn/HLV ATTORNEY THE NORRIS PETERS CO PHDTCVLITHO.. WASHINUIUN. D C,

LEEL. Donns, or nasa PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

VALVE. MECHANISM.

matinee.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented dan.. 26, 1915 Application led ctober 20, 1913. Serial No. 796,109.

TQ all whom t may concern j l Be it known `that I, Lnn L. DoDDs, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of East Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful improvement in Valve Mechanism, of which the following is a specication.

My invention relates to hydraulic and similar motors, and particularly to valve mechanisms that are employed for so controlling the supply and discharge of water that the motor piston will automatically reciprocate. Y

rlhe object of my invention is to provide a valve mechanism of the character and for the purpose indicated that shall be more simple and economical in construction than others heretofore provided, and that shall be so constructed as to permit of the employment of inlet and outlet ports of large aggregate area. rFhus there is a comparatively small amount of obstruction to the flow of water, with the result that the motor operates more eiiiciently than otherwise would be the case.

My invention is Aillustrated in the accompanying drawing in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view along the lines l-l of Fig. 8 of a water motor and a valve mechanism constructed in accordance therewith. Fig. 2 is a similar view of the mechanism along the line lll-I1 of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a development of the main valve casing. Fig. L is a transverse sectional view of the device along the line lV-IV of Fig. 3, and Figs. and 6 are similar views of parts of the device along the lines V-V and VI-Vl respectively of Fig. 3.

The valve mechanism of the present invention is adapted to be employed in connection with, and preferably in end to end relation to, a water motor comprising a cylinder 1 and a piston 2, one of the cylinder heads 3 being provided with a U shaped inlet and discharge pipe 4C. The device is provided with an outer casing or chest 5 that is split along one side and provided with flanges 6 upon opposite sides of the split through which screws 7 pass for tightening the casing upon the inner parts. The casing is also provided upon opposite sides with inlet and outlet pipes or nipples 8 and 9 respectively, and approximately midway between the `said pipes with a third pipe 10 that is connected to the pipe Llby a fourth pipe 1l, suitable gaskets intervening between the pipes.

Within the outer casing 5 is a main valve casing or cylinder 12 having an integral end or head 18 also constituting one head of the motor cylinder 1, the other end of the valve cylinder being closed by a head or cap la that is screwed thereon. The exterior of the main valve casing is provided with a plurality of ribs that divide the an nular space between the same and the outer casing into an inlet chamber 15, a forward stroke chamber 16, a return stroke chamber 17 and an exhaust chamber 18. One of the ribs 19 extends longitudinally of the casing and is joined at an intermediate point to one end of another rib 2O that extends circumferentially of the casing and that separates the forward and return stroke cha-mbers 16 and 17 and the other end of which is joined to another rib 21 that surrounds, and-forms a wall of, the inlet chamber 15.

rlhel rib 21 is so shaped that the inlet chamber is narrower at the end adjacent to the rib 2O than at the other end, and at the points where the chamber widens the surrounding rib 21 is joined by longitudinally extending ribs 22 and 23 that separate the forward and return stroke chambers 16 and 17 .respectively from the exhaust chamber 18, which surrounds the wider end of the inlet chamber. Circumferential ribs 2a and 25 are also provided at the ends of the casing, and the rib 2L is provided with holes or ports 26 leading from the forward stroke chamber into one end of the motor cylinder 1. Exhaust ports 27 and 28 are also provided therein leading to the exhaust chamber. A. leather or other suitable gasket 29 is interposed between the tops of the several ribs and the outer casing for the purpose of rendering the joints tight, the gasket being provided with portsor holes to register with L V those in the outer casing.

The casing 12 is provided with five circumferentially extending rows of holes or ports, one row 31 leading from the inlet chamber 15, rows 32 and 33 respectively communicating with the forward and return stroke chambers 16 and 17, and two rows 34 and 35 communicating with the exhaust chamber 18. By reason of the peculiar arrangement of the various chambers bounded by the ribs 19 to 25, inclusive, a large number of holes may be employed,

vso

since each chamber extends over a considerable portion of the eircumferenceof the casing 12. `As a consequence, Vthe ports have a large aggregate area and'thereyis .but

little obstruction to the How of Water. TheV device is, therefore, very eflicient in operation.

Concentrically arranged `-within the main having four spaced pistons 37, 38, 39 andy 40 of annular form that are secu-red together by means of rods 41 and spacers 41, the spacings of the pistonsbeing such, relatively to the rows of holes in the main valve casing, that the pistons 38 and 39l are moved fromr one side to the other of the holes 32 and 33 as the valve is reciprocated.

The auxiliary valve casing is provided with a circumferential row of holes or ports 42 at its middle, and with two other rows 43 and 44 near its ends, and 'still nearer its ends with other holes 45 and 46 that respectively communicate with the ports 27 and 28 leading to the exhaust cham'- ber 18. Within the tube 36 is an auxiliary valve having two pistons or washers 47 and 48 near opposite ends thereof, the said pistons being carried by a rod 49 that extends into the motor cylinder and is provided with spaced heads or flanges 50 and 51 that are engaged by the motor piston 2 to reciprocate the said rod and to thereby cause the pistons 47 and 48 to move from one side to the other of the holes 43 and 44. Since the auxiliary valve casing is stationary only two pistons are required for the auxiliary valve.

When the parts are in the positions shown water enters the inlet pipe 8 and passes from the inlet chamber 15 through the holes 31 into the main valve chamber between the pistons 38 and 39. From there it passes through the middle row of holes 42 in the auxiliary valve casing into 'the said casing and out of it again through the holes 43 into the main valve casing behind the piston 37. Water following this path has already moved the main valve to the position shown, the water at the right hand end of the chamber having been discharged through the holes 44 intoV the end of the auxiliary valve chamber and from there through the holes 46 and 28 into the exhaust Vchamber 18. Water also flows from the space between thepistons 38 and 39 through the row of holes 33 into the return stroke chamber 17, and from there it flows through the pipes 10, 11 and 4 into the left hand end of the motor cylinder 1, thereby causing the piston 2 to move from left to right. At

V,theisame time the water in the right hand end of the motor cylinder is discharged the opposite sides of the holes 43 and 44,

water flows as before through the holes 42 into the auxiliary valve chamber and from there through the holes 44 into the main valve chamber behind the piston 40, thereby moving the main valve from right to left. Water is discharged from the other end of the main valve chamber through the holes 43, `the left hand endl of theV auxiliary valve chamber, andthe holes 45 and 27 into the exhaust chamber v18. /Vater flows also from the space between the pistons 38 and 39 through the holes 32 into theforward stroke chamber 16,l and lfrom there through the holes 26 into the right hand end of the motor cylinder, thereby moving the piston 2 from right to left.` Water isdischarged from the left hand end of the motor cylin- -der through the pipes4, 11 and 10, the

chamber 18, Vdischarging through connec tion 9, thus completing one cycle of the motor.

By reason of the employment of a stationary casing between the main and auxiliary valves, the stroke or travel of the auxiliary valve is materially less than would be the case if the said casing were movable with the main valve. Friction Vand wear are, .f iccordingly, correspondingly reduced and the device is more durable and ellicient than `would otherwise be the ease. Moreover, since the main and auxiliary valves are sep; aratedby a4 stationary casing, the movements of the'auxiliary valve are not affected by those of the main valve. Vhere the cas ing between the valves is movable, the movef ments' of the one valve affect those of the other, with :the result that under load the stroke of the main valvev is often shortened, particularly after the valve leathers have become worn. This cannot occur with the present construction because there is no friction between the two valves due to the use of a movable intervening casing. Furthermore, since my valve packings or pistons bear edgewise on the sides of the casings, there is no tendency for the water to force the packings through the port holes in the casings, wearing of the packings being thereby reduced.

' I claim as my invention 1. Valve mechanism for hydraulic and similar motors comprising a main valve casing, a main valve therein having a plurality of pistons, a stationary auxiliary valve casing within the main valve casing and surrounded by the main valve, and an auxiliary valve within the auxiliary valve casing.

2. Valve mechanism for hydraulic and similar motors comprising a main valve casing, a main valve therein having a plurality of pistons, a stationary auxiliary valve casing within the main valve casing and surrounded by the main valve, and an auxiliary valve chambers and also with others communicating with the exhaust chamber, and an auxiliary valve within the auxiliary valve chamber having two pistons.

a. Valve mechanism for hydraulic and similar motors comprising an outer casing, a main valve casing between which and the aforesaid casing inlet, exhaust, and two motor supply chambers are provided, the main valve casing having ports communicating with each of said chambers, a main valve having a plurality of pistons and adapted to connect the motor supply chambers alternately with the inlet and exhaust chambers, a stationary auxiliary valve oasing within the main valve casing and surrounded by the main valve, said casing being provided with an intermediate inlet port and outlet ports near its end, and also with exhaust ports, and an auxiliary valve casing having two pistons and adapted to control the said outlet ports.

5. Valve mechanism for hydraulic and similar motors comprising a valve chest, a

valve casing within the chest, and ribs interposed between the chest and the casing and providing walls for an inlet chamber, an exhaust chamber, and two motor supply chambers one end of the inlet chamber being wider than the other end, the exhaust chamber surrounding the wider end of the inlet chamber, and the motor supply chambers being respectively disposed upon opposite sides of the narrow end of the inlet chamber.

6. Valve mechanism for hydraulic and similar motors comprising a valve chest, a valve casing within the chest, and ribs interposed between the chest and the casing and providing walls for an inlet chamber, an exhaust chamber, and two motor supply chambers one end of the inlet chamber being wider than the other end, the exhaust chamber surrounding the wider end of the inlet chamber, and the motor supply chambers being respectively disposed upon opposite sides oi the narrow end of the inlet cha-mber, the valve casing being provided with a row of holes communicating with the inlet chamber, two other parallel rows of holes respectively communicating with the motor supply chambers closely adjacent to the ribs bounding the narrow end of the inlet chamber, and two other parallel rows of holes spaced farther apart than the latter rows 1tand communicating with the exhaust cham- 7. Valve mechanism for hydraulic and similar motors comprising a main valve casing, a main valve therein having a plurality of pistons, a stationary auxiliary valve casing within the main valve casing and surrounded by the main valve, an auxiliary valve within the auxiliary valve casing, and annular paclrings for the main and auxiliary valves that present their edges only to their respective casings.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 14th day of Oct.,

LEE L. DODDS. Witnesses O'r'ro S. SCHAIRER, B. B. HINns.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

